A15018 | 2-Letter Strings

Given $n$ strings, each of length $2$ , consisting of lowercase Latin alphabet letters from 'a' to 'k', output the number of pairs of indices $(i, j)$ such that $i < j$ and the $i$ -th string and the $j$ -th string differ in exactly one position.

In other words, count the number of pairs $(i, j)$ ( $i < j$ ) such that the $i$ -th string and the $j$ -th string have exactly one position $p$ ( $1 \leq p \leq 2$ ) such that ${s_{i}}_{p} \neq {s_{j}}_{p}$ .

The answer may not fit into 32-bit integer type, so you should use 64-bit integers like long long in C++ to avoid integer overflow.

The first line of the input contains a single integer $t$ ( $1 \le t \le 100$ ) — the number of test cases. The description of test cases follows.

The first line of each test case contains a single integer $n$ ( $1 \le n \le 10^5$ ) — the number of strings.

Then follows $n$ lines, the $i$ -th of which containing a single string $s_i$ of length $2$ , consisting of lowercase Latin letters from 'a' to 'k'.

It is guaranteed that the sum of $n$ over all test cases does not exceed $10^5$ .

For each test case, print a single integer — the number of pairs $(i, j)$ ( $i < j$ ) such that the $i$ -th string and the $j$ -th string have exactly one position $p$ ( $1 \leq p \leq 2$ ) such that ${s_{i}}_{p} \neq {s_{j}}_{p}$ .

Please note, that the answer for some test cases won't fit into 32-bit integer type, so you should use at least 64-bit integer type in your programming language (like long long for C++).