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A14394 | Mikasa

时间限制1s
内存限制256MB
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题目描述

You are given two integers $n$ and $m$ . Find the $\operatorname{MEX}$ of the sequence $n \oplus 0, n \oplus 1, \ldots, n \oplus m$ . Here, $\oplus$ is the [bitwise XOR operator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR).

$\operatorname{MEX}$ of the sequence of non-negative integers is the smallest non-negative integer that doesn't appear in this sequence. For example, $\operatorname{MEX}(0, 1, 2, 4) = 3$ , and $\operatorname{MEX}(1, 2021) = 0$ .

输入格式

The first line contains a single integer $t$ ( $1 \le t \le 30\,000$ ) — the number of test cases.

The first and only line of each test case contains two integers $n$ and $m$ ( $0 \le n, m \le 10^9$ ).

输出格式

For each test case, print a single integer — the answer to the problem.

输入输出样例

输入 #1
5
3 5
4 6
3 2
69 696
123456 654321
输出 #1
4
3
0
640
530866
C++ 编辑器
输入
输出